VIVAnews – 61 years ago today, on 29 January 1948, Mohammad Hatta was appointed Indonesian Prime Minister by President Soekarno.
Hatta was elected Prime Minister after his pro-communist predecessor, Amir Syarifuddin, resigned from his position. Amir was forced to resign due to his failure in securing better terms for Indonesia during the negotiations with the Dutch aboard the USS Renville. The Renville Agreement, which was supposed to help the Indonesian government, turned out to be more favorable towards the Dutch. Indonesia had to recognize all the territories which the Dutch had taken during its first military aggression.
This agreement caused outrage. Both Masyumi (the Council of Indonesian Muslim) and the PNI (the National Party of Indonesia) withdrew their ministers from the cabinet which eventually forced Amir to resign. To replace him, President Soekarno appointed Hatta as Prime Minister and declared that the cabinet will be an emergency one. As a result, the cabinet will be answerable to the President instead of the KNIP (Indonesian parliament), thus changing the model of the Indonesian government to a semi-presidential system.
The First Hatta Cabinet was formally announced on 29 January 1948. Members of the new cabinet mostly came from Masyumi and the PNI, such as Muhammad Natsir as Minister of Information, Sjafruddin Prawiranegara as Minister of Prosperity, H. Agus Salim as Foreign Minister, Sri Sultan Hamengkubowono IX as State Minister, Ali Sastroamidjojo as Minister of Education and Culture, Djuanda as Minister of Public Works, and M. A. Maramis as Finance Minister. In addition to being Vice President and Prime Minister, Hatta also took on the position of Minister of Defense in the new cabinet.
During the Hatta administration, the socio-economic conditions of Indonesia turned from bad to worse. The Renville Agreement caused Indonesia to live in semi-isolated conditions. Many of its territories were separated and surrounded by the Dutch-occupied area. The state treasury was nearly empty. As a result, despite the need to maintain a strong and reliable army, the government had to demobilize some of its troops to save money.
After being a prime minister for nearly eleven months, on 19 December 1948, Hatta was forced to resign from his position after the Dutch launched its second military aggression against Indonesia. When the Dutch invasion forces arrived in Yogyakarta, Hatta and several other Indonesian leaders were arrested and exiled to island of Bangka.
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